The methods for restoring of the input signals of dynamic systems with distributed parameters are investigated. Study is based on methods of identification and parameter identification. The offered methods give the opportunity for restoring input signals of dynamical systems with computing error accuracy.

The predictive monitoring technique of turning tool condition during machining is described. The results of the prediction, based on phasechronometric measurement information, are presented. The possibility of practical application of the described forecasting technique in combination with phasechronometric data is shown. The algorithm for predicting the actual value of tool wear in the case of the simplest case of turning is given.

The problem of measuring the surface profile of silicon nanostructures consisting of monoatomic layers using an interference method is considered. The Zygo New View 6200 scanning light interference microscope from the Center for the collective use of high-precision measurement technologies in the field of photonics VNIIOFI, was used for the measurements.

The possibilities of dynamic light scattering method for sizing of nanoparticles, added to the complicated colloid systems, containing the initial particles of the similar size are considered. The contribution of the added nanoparticles to the light scattering can be distinguished either by the using of depolarized dynamic light scattering (for anisotropic particles) or with the help of the new method of experimental data processing, proposed in the article (for isotropic ones). The examples of the sizing in undiluted blood plasma of the gold nanoparticles and liposomes are presented.

The geometrical diagram of stand for determination of high accuracy two-coordinate optical-to-electrical angle measuring devices instrumental errors is considered. These errors would be found by measuring of angles between known reference directions to be fixed in space and by comparing of their sizes with values of the same angles measured by means of autocollimators oriented to the special caliber (calibrating prism) fixing the point of intersection of geometrical axis of electro-optical angle measuring device. The prism has many mirror surfaces. Perpendiculars to these surfaces forms in space the geometrical diagram to be demanded.

Two stages of processing the nonspherical particles images using the nonnormalized moments of cross-sections measured according to these particles images. The first stage is based on the relationship between the nonnormalized moments of the first and second order with the transmission coefficient and the angular size of the halo from the forward scattering respectively. That relationship is determined by calibration. At the second stage the nonnormalized moments up to fourth order allow to restore the parameters for the distribution of cross-sections, using the lognormal distribution.

A complex of optic-physical methods, including X-ray phase analysis, colorimetry and wavelet analysis, were proposed and thereby weak structural responses of dispersed clay systems to the effect of microwave radiation have been registered. The combination of X-ray phase analysis and colorimetric gradation method has been allowed to register phase and polymorphic transformations and the wavelet analysis indicated the evolution of the dispersed particles morphology. The effectiveness of the proposed optic-physical methods complex for the study of the secondary phase morphologies in millimeter, micron and submicron scales has been presented.

The analysis of potential accuracy of an estimation of spatial displacement of an object with using of the test pattern, fixed on an object, and of a high-speed video camera in a case of the known and unknown non-informative parameters of the registered video signal is carried out. The expressions for calculation of the lower boundary of dispersion of effective estimation are obtained. The dependence of the lower boundary of estimation dispersion from signal parameters is studied. The results of experiment of the images registration of the test pattern, that oscillates together with an object, and of recovery of the law of change in time of its spatial shift are given.

Influence of phase transition between gas and liquid phases of gas-liquid flow on the accuracy of reproduction by facilities of gas-liquid mixture discharge at high pressure is analyzed. Algorithm of air and Exxol phase equilibrium calculations is developed for mixtures of different concentrations, using equations of states and fundamental statements of thermodynamics. The values of binary interaction coefficients of oil substitute Exxol and main air components ( nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen and argon) were obtained. Experimental and calculated saturation pressure data is obtained for Exxol-air mixtures of different concentrations. It’s shown, that disregarding phase transitions leads to significant distortion of information on parameters of reproduced by facilities multiphase flow

A method for determining the vibration parameters of elements of rotating turbomachine assemblies is described. It is based on the analysis of changes in the shape of the output signal of the primary converter. The operability of the method in a wide operational range of parameters of oscillatory processes is shown. The possible problems in the implementation of the method are identified and ways of their solution are determined. The accuracy characteristics of the proposed method for various signal-to-noise ratios of the output signal of the primary converter are investigated.

The possibility of measuring a weak alternating magnetic field of low frequencies in the presence of geomagnetic noise is considered. The lower limits of measurement of weak periodic and non-periodic signals of magnetic induction by a magnetomodulation sensor in the geomagnetic field are estimated. It is shown that the components of the magnetic induction of continuous geomagnetic noise, measured in a narrow frequency band by two sensors with a distance between them more than one meter, are random and independent.

The peculiarities of an application of digital signal processing in noiseproof broadband measuring-impedance analyzers are considered. It’s shown that an application of the digital filtering only is not very effective to improve interference suppression in this case. The forming of the array of integrated-weighted signal values instead of array of their instantaneous values is suggested. Thus the preliminary analog signal filtering before A/D transforming is realized.

The operation monitoring of the electrophysical parameters and characteristics of the sealed cable glands in real time is considered. The sealed cable glands are made from the inorganic material and use in underground power cable of the nuclear facility. The method takes into account the peculiar features of the enclosed protective (or double-screen) systems of the nuclear facility. The experiment technique is reported. The characteristic impedance and the damping factor by quarter wavelength short circuited line method at the fundamental frequency are given. The results demonstrate that developed sealed cable glands are applicable to the nuclear facility as control cables and are suitable for the purpose of safety.

The transfer standard development for comparisons of National standards of pulse electric field strength unit is considered in present article. Main requirements for response speed and sensitivity are defined and justified. There was proposed to make the transfer standard as measuring transducer based on strip line. The design of transducer with high sensitivity was developed. Experimental investigations of its characteristics proved full satisfaction to specifications.

The technique allowing to increase the time of coherent accumulation of received signals for the radar range increasing with the following calculation target range and radial velocity is proposed. Herewith the target range change during the modulation period of transmitted signal is considerably exceeding radar range resolution. The assessment of potential accuracy of range and velocity estimation is carried out, and the results of experimental testing of the proposed technique are presented.

Modification of the measurement method using area under resonance curve in a resonator sensor as informative parameter is considered. The modified method implies determination of amplitude-frequency characteristic under the change of initial resonant frequency of a resonator in fixed limits. Deviation of oscillation frequency is not needed for realization of the method. If a waveguide resonator is applied then the change of its initial resonant frequency in fixed limits can be done via the change of initial value of end load of such a resonator in corresponding fixed limits.

Developed elements of a technique of a feasibility report of research and developmental works on creation of measuring instruments.