The results of improvement of the State primary standard GET 152-2011 of the coefficient and angle of sinusoidal current scale transformation are presented. Its structure and metrological characteristics are described.

The statistical analysis of data on supernovae type SN Ia on which in 1998-1999 the conclusion has been drawn on acceleration of «Universe expansion» is carried out. The hypothesis about existence of the «redshift standard» in spectra of the supernovae type SN Ia corresponding to the «absolute magnitude» at definition of distances - is considered.

The results of development and experimental studies of a new gravimetric sensor intended for use in mobile «Chekan» type gravimeters. A design of the gravimetric sensor and of its main parts is described along with the results of gravimeter calibration and tests in environmental camera. The analysis of experimental data has shown that an instrumental accuracy of the new gravity sensor is essentially higher in comparison with the previous analogue.

The low-temperature resonant tunneling method allowing to detect the nature and concentration of nanoparticles (2-10 μm) contained in thin films of polymers - is presented. This method allows to measure the concentrations from 0,01 to 30% and can be used in a wide range of applications in electronics, electrical engineering, environmental and chemical industries for process monitoring and quality control of products. The main advantages of this present method are the high accuracy, the low cost of realization and the high sensitivity at low concentrations of nanoparticles.

The use of integrated colorimeter high sensitivity based on the physiological colorimetric system, capable of measuring the color characteristics of small size radiation sources with absolute error of chromaticity coordinates determination 0,002 units has been considered.

The application of biharmonic spline-interpolation method to the problem of approximation of the conversion function is considered. Decomposition of the method into two stages allowing to transfer most of calculations on the calibration phase is suggested. The advantages of the method compared with the polynomial interpolation and its applicability in the case of a conversion function are shown.

Thermodynamics description of practical temperature magnetic scal construction model based on Langevin paramagneticsis presented. The Carnot cycle with the paramagnetic as a working body is described. The formula connecting the temperature changes with magnetization value and magnetic-field intensityfor paramagnetics is obtained.

The problems of comparative assessment of the heat consumption modes corresponding to the different adjustment versions of regulating equipment have been considered. The solution to the problem of comparative assessment is based on the creation and use of the object regression model. A method of assessment and its illustration for a specific object - the consumer of thermal energy - is presented.

The elements of noncontact system of measuring the linear and angle co-ordinates built on creation of local magnetic field by the source, and on measurement of its components by a small mobile sensor - have been described. The equation system connecting the coordinates of the source and receiver with the results of magnetic measurements has been solved.

The error sources of analog and digital methods of resonance frequency measurement have been considered. The analytical expressions for the errors of each of these methods with taking into account the related factors are obtained. The numerical research of the digital method error is performed in Matlab.

An analysis of peculiarities of autodyne and noise characteristics’ formation in autodyne oscillator at the influence of own electromagnetic radiation reflected from the object under study is carried out. The expressions for calculation of conversion factors, measurement error and the dynamic range of autodyne instrument for vibrations and small displacement parameters measurement are derived. The calculations of measurement errors and of dynamic range of autodyne measuring instrument. The recommendations on correct choice of an operating point of autodyne vibrations and small displacements measuring instruments were developed.

The justification of a structure of experimental installation for the study of possibility of accumulation coherent echo-signals from objects with non-linear electric properties in synthetic aperture radars (SAR) has been proposed. Signal/noise ratio-signal accumulation time relationship proving the possibility of coherent signal accumulation has been experimentally determined.

The procedure and devices to measure the parameters of nonlinear ceramics, namely the dielectric dissipation factor and permittivity as functions of control electrical field strength for frequency range 200-2000 MHz are developed. The results of measurement of these dependencies at control voltages up to 10 kV for ferroelectric ceramic samples of Ba_x Sr_{1- x} TiO₃ different composition are presented.

The upper limit of the frequency reproduction range of broadband optical receiver of surface acoustic waves based on the two-beam laser interferometer and depending on the diameter of the laser beam in the reception area on the sample surface is determined theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the frequency range of developed receiver is 0,05-53 MHz and in the limit can reach 1 GHz.

The distribution functions of heart rate variability parameters and parameters of structural - frequency areas of the analysis on groups and series of healthy people electrocardiograms registration are determined. It is shown that they correspond to log-normal distribution function. Character of their dependence on frequence of digitization is determined. The model of heart rate regulation and control is suggested.