It’s suggested to develop the additional NPP measuring channels verification regulations in order to reduce verification labourintensiveness and increase economic NPP operation efficiency. This regulations should afford an opportunity for componentwise verification and for basic and alternative complete verification of the NPP measuring channels depending on the verification reliability requirements. The uniformly precise, cross and combined methods are identified as alternative methods of complete verification. This article proposes the main regulations development problems and presents requirements for the basic regulations provisions. It’s emphasized that the developed regulations of the provisions on the application complete verification of the NPP measuring channels should allow: to control the channel error as a single measuring device without demounting its components; to reduce the verification time allocated during power generating unit hold; to preserve the acceptable level of the measurement channel verification results reliability. An example of the complete verification reliability estimation procedure is given as one of the most important criteria for selecting the verification method.

A sufficient condition for determining the reliability of geometry measurements using atomic force microscopy for relatively small cantilever tilt angles is proposed. A relationship between the basic geometric parameters of surface roughness, geometric deviations of the probe, the angles of the cantilever and the inclination of the side faces of the probe, as well as the dimensions of the nonlocal point of the probable contact of its side faces with protrusions of roughness has been established. As a sufficient condition for the reliability of geometry measurements using atomic force microscopy, an obvious requirement is accepted. It determines the smallness of the ratio of the sizes of a nonlocal point to the distance between neighboring nonlocal points. Publications in which the measurement of surface nano-geometry of the samples does not indicate the roughness of the sample surface and the probe, the angles at the tip of the probe and the tilt of the cantilever, as well as the best resolution (smallest step) at which the study is carried out, cannot be accepted as reliable, because the results obtained in them are probabilistic in nature. The surface images obtained using atomic force microscopy without proper justification for the resolution (value of the measurement step) represent only a qualitative picture, on the basis of which it makes no sense to carry out any computational manipulations. In order to increase the reliability of measurements of surface geometry using atomic force microscopy, it is necessary to radically increase the accuracy of the manufacture of probes, as well as use probes with the smallest possible angle at the apex. In addition, it is necessary to make changes in the design of the atomic force microscopy. In particular, the automatic rotation of the microscope stage should be designed. It should provide closeness the probe axis direction to the normal to the average plane of the sample. This “integral” angle of rotation of the microscope stage is easily iteratively determined at the stage of preliminary investigation of the geometry of the surface of the sample. In this case, it will be necessary to geometrically increase the length of the cantilever so that the base extends beyond the limits of the sample.

The results of improvement of methods and facilities of Earth’s orientation parameters in Main metrological center of State service for time, frequency and Earth’s orientation parameters evaluation the last fi ve years are considered. The hardware and software are modernized. As result Main metrological center of State service for time, frequency and Earth’s orientation parameters evaluation has program correlator now, the calculation thechnic was improved, Analysis Center of Main metrological center of State service for time, frequency and Earth’s orientation parameters evaluation was created. The Russian metrological institute of technical physics and radio engineering has satellite laser ranging station of new generation now. This station was created by Institute for precision instrument engineering. The new software for satellite laser ranging processing and lunar laser ranging processing was created. The new sofwareof the global navigation satellite systems processing was developed. The software for very long base interferometry data processing and software for combination were modernized. Development of evaluation and predictioning facilities of Earth’s orientation parameters Russian metrological institute of technical physics and radio engineering was provided according to modern international direction. This allowed to provide work of evaluation and predictioning of Earth’s orientation parameters at the high international level.

The problems of precision measurements of time intervals are considered, the results of which are necessary, for example, to assess the metrological characteristics of the structural complexes of space navigation systems. A precision time interval meter has been designed. The relationship between the meter readings and the size of the measured value is established. A technique for preliminary calibration of a phase interpolator with an uneven quantization step from the composition of a precision time interval meter was developed and tested. The optimal value of the reference frequency was selected and the optimal size of the measuring matrix, consisting of logic gates connected in series, was calculated. The degree of influence of the crystal temperature of the FPGA integrated circuit on the operation of the phase interpolator is determined. The requirements for test signals were developed and the possibility of using the reference signals of the secondary standards of time and frequency (for example, the State secondary standard of units of time and frequency VET 1-7) during the preliminary calibration of the phase interpolator was evaluated. Special software has been developed for determining the boundaries of the sub-quanta of the phase interpolator with a resolution of one picosecond, and the probability density functions of the transition process from one subquantum to the next are calculated. The requirements for the spectral composition of the frequency of the reference signal are given and the frequency detuning of the test signal relative to the reference is determined. Verification of the developed methodology for preliminary calibration of the temporal position of the phase transitions of the interpolator was carried out by repeated calibrations and comparison of the results.

In the age of digital transformation of production processes in industry and science the development and design of intelligent flow sensors for granular and liquid substances transferring through pipelines becomes more important. With this in view new approaches for improving the accuracy of microwave flowmeters are proposed. Taking into account the characteristics of electromagnetic waves propagating through a pipeline, a wave scattered by inhomogeneities of the controlled medium is analyzed. Features of the transformation of the polarized scattered wave limiting the geometric dimensions of the pipeline and optimizing the values of the useful scattered signal are revealed. Expediency of collection of the information signal with orthogonal polarization of the scattered wave and through a directional coupler is substantiated. The method of estimating the measurement accuracy with reference to the signal-to-noise ratio at the input of the processing device is given. The research results can be used in cryogenic machine engineering to measure volume and mass flows of liquid cryogenic products.

The problems of the condition control of flowing liquid during its use in different industries, energy and agriculture are reviewed. The devices of the flowing liquid condition control whose operating principle is based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance are presented. This devices do not have the disadvantages and limitations of use inherent in optical analyzers and flowing refractometers. At using controls based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance the controlled parameters are the relaxation times of the flowing fluid, in particular, the greatest difficulties arise when measuring the longitudinal relaxation time. The method for control of longitudinal relaxation time T1 of flowing liquid in the entire range of measuring its expenditure is proposed. To implement a new method the design of nuclear magnetic flowmeter-relaxometer is developed. The obtained data are compared with the measurement results of values T1 for liquid media being in a stationary state are recivedon industrial nuclear magnetic relaxometer and is determined them coincidence within the measurement error.

Authors propose algorithms for quantitative ratio determining of informative and background components of the output signal of magnetic measuring transducers, used as a means of recording and measuring the parameters of locally distributed magnetic fields that occur over defective surface areas of the tested object in an applied permanent magnetic field. The method of separating the informative and background components based on the summation property and the deterministic nature of the distributions of the magnetic field intensity of the defect and the background magnetic field along the coordinate axis parallel to the controlled surface, and analysis of the topography of the distribution of magnetic field intensity is described. The approach to selection and experimental determination of estimated parameters characterizing the levels of informative and background signals is justified. Authors give the formulas for calculating the signal-to-background ratio based on the measured values of the estimated parameters applied to single magnet-static, differential magnet-static and diff erentiating magnetic measuring transducers taking into account the orientation direction (normal, tangential) of their sensitivity axis. The signal-to-background ratio calculation results are presented using an example of an analysis of the magnetic measuring transducers output signal when registering the distribution of the magnetic field intensity over the surface of a control sample with artificial defects of a given size. The comparative analysis of considered magnetic measuring transducers according to signal-to-background ratio is carried out. General recommendations to increase the value of the signal-to-background ratio parameter are given.

In many applications of the magnetic method it is advantageous to have information about the geomagnetic field strength and its gradients. The direct measurement of gradients does not depend on geomagnetic variations or normal field values. Special equipment is required for this purpose. The results of the development and construction of a three-component magnetometergradiometer are presented. The device is designed to measure on the earth's surface the absolute values of the three components of the geomagnetic field vector and the corresponding three components of the gradient. Installation of additional measuring sensors in the device – accelerometers, allows you to calculate the orientation of these vectors in space. The device of a magnetometergradiometer is described, its functional scheme and operating principle are presented. A set of instrumental errors that occur in the manufacture of three-axis systems of ferrosondesand accelerometers for measuring the components of the geomagnetic field strength and determining the orientation of the device is considered. The paper presents a method for determining instrumental errors and algorithmic correction of information signals coming from measuring sensors to signifi cantly improve the accuracy of measurements. Examples of field tests of the device are given. The presented magnetometer-gradiometer can be used for accurate localization of previously identified ore bodies and determining the details of their structure.

The article was written in the development of ideas from a previous work of the authors [5]. The task of automated quality control of voice templates, which were registered and stored in the Unified Biometric System is considered. A solution to the problem of timely updating of the collected templates is proposed, since over time they lose their consumer qualities. A new indicator of the acoustic quality of voice templates in the Kullback–Leibler information metric was investigated and a method for measuring it at the moments when users contacting the system with service requests was proposed. An example of the practical implementation of the proposed method is shown. Using the author's software, a full-scale experiment was conducted, quantitative estimates of the period for updating voice templates were obtained, and recommendations were given on their practical application. The results can be used to develop new and modernize existing systems and technologies for automated quality control and updating of biometric personal data templates.

One of the steps in determining the compliance of an implantable medical device with the safety requirements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the experimental assessment of its heating over the course of the study. However, the application of traditional methods, such as thermocouple measurements or radiation thermometry, is difficult in connection with the conditions of high magnetic fields. A spectrometric system is proposed for measuring temperature in a magnetic resonance imaging cabinet with sensitivity of 0.01 °C and error of 0.1 % in the range of 10–50 °C. Temperature sensors are Fabry–Perot interferometers formed by flat ends of optical fibers located at a distance of about tens of micrometers. A design of the sensor and a calibration method are described. A design of the sensor and a calibration method are described. The system was tested in the process of two passive implants heating in 1,5 T MRI. As a result, compliance with the accepted recommendations for assessing the heating of implantable medical devices in MRI was demonstrated, and the temperature rise value was obtained that was comparable to the manufacturer’s tests of this product according to ASTM F 2182. The presented measurement system can be used to assess the MR-compatibility of implantable medical devices, to develop scanning protocols for patients with metal structures, as well as to confirm or refine mathematical models of heat transfer.