Information on the main components and operation principles of GLONASS is provided. The complexes of metrological and fundamental assurance for GLONASS, developed by NMI VNIIFTRI in 2012-2016, are represented. The main directions of development for the complexes of metrological and fundamental assurance for the period up to 2020 are considered, as well as the directions of perspective research for the period up to 2030.

Development of data processing in measurements in the past 50 years is outlined. The distinctive features of this field of measurement theory are presented. Fundamental significance and diversity of metrological models are emphasized. The primary importance of the systematic errors evaluation is underlined. In consideration of fitting functions based on experimental data, the relationships between regression and confluent models are discussed. Certification of data processing algorithms is considered as a rational approach for comparison of the algorithms quality. The significance of models for definition and comparison of accuracy characteristics is demonstrated with the example of Allan variance.

An analytical expression for dependence of variations of the relative frequency measure error from accuracy characteristics of the frequency measures, the measurement time intervals and the time interval between measurements was determined. That expression is characterized by dispersion and systematic error components.

The solution of the inverse problem of measurement theory is adduced. The distribution of unobservable components of the sum of observable superposition of the registered random parameter and instrumentation error are calculated on the base of their statistic date. The apparatus of characteristic functions, cumulant decompositions and asymptotic estimates in the form of the truncated Edgeworth series were used while processing the empirical data.

The dependence of the signal on the electrodes of the electromagnetic flowmeter on the magnetic Reynolds number is investigated. Conditions for eliminating this dependence by applying an inhomogeneous magnetic field, several pairs of electrodes, and a numerical integration algorithm are considered. It is shown that the flowmeter can be calibrated using a liquid low-capacity liquid-metal flow plant.

The authors worked out the device for precise measurement and regulation of low delivery rates of specialized liquids with different properties. The device allows for automation of the process of highly precise mixing and dosing different liquids with the possibility of dosing process management in a real-time regime.

Dependence of procedural error of temperature measurements by the photoemission method from surface emissivity, spectral characteristic selectivity and temperature is shown. Graph for procedural error definition at temperature T = 2000 K in range of selectivity from -0,1 to -0,7 with increment 0,05 was made as an example.

A new technique for joint estimation of thermal properties of rocks (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, volumetric heat capacity and thermal effusivity) is proposed. The technique is based on measuring the thermal effusivity of samples and calculating the volumetric heat capacity from the mineral composition of rock. Measurement of thermal effusivity is based on periodic heating of the surface of reference plate which opposite surface is placed on the sample. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity are calculated from estimates of volumetric heat capacity and thermal effusivity. Expressions for errors estimating are described.

In the paper the operation principles of the external electric field sensor based on ring microresonators are described. Microresonators are based on stripline vertical and horizontal slots waveguides with liquid crystal filling. The mode field distribution and dispersion parameters are calculated by using algorithm оn the base the Method of Line. Sensor sensitivity depending on waveguides and microresonators (slot width and position, microresonator radius) structure is analyzed.

The method of cumulative estimation of parameters of information flows in radio channels of information telecommunication systems for conditions of a difficult information and target situation on the basis of their comparing with a simulated reference measure is offered. As a measure use of the simulated direction characteristic of the adaptive antenna system realizing algorithms of spatio-temporal processing is offered. Application of phase and correlative methods of simulation of a measure provides high accuracy of estimation of parameters, and simultaneous receiving estimates with use of the high-performance processor allows to receive estimates in time scale the close to real.

A novel method for near field measurements correction on probe directivity is proposed. Unlike existing probe correction methods in near field to far field algorithms, it supports arbitrary scanning surface and does not require numerical calculation of integral expressions for each measuring point. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by reconstruction of the directivity patterns of horn and mirror antennas using a planar scanner.

An approach for free-field calibration in a laboratory water tank is discussed, which can be used for both a hydrophone and an underwater sound receiver - a hydrophone mounted on a measuring platform. The results of calibration in the laboratory water tank of a hydrophone and an underwater sound recorder at frequencies from units of kilohertz to tens of hertz are presented.

The new measurement method of acoustic quality of the speech in the Kullback-Leybler information metric is offered. Its main benefit in comparison with the known methods consists of the high dynamic properties aimed to overcoming a problem of a small samples. Conclusions of a theoretical research are confirmed by the experimental results. It is established that the providing rather exact assessment of acoustic quality of the announcer speech requires speech signal lasting 2-3 minutes.

The metrological characteristics of buffer solutions prepared from high-purity substance were investigated. The possibility of their use in metrological works conducted on the State primary measurement standard of the рН activity of hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions GET 54-2011 was appraised.

The mathematical model intended for the formation of economically feasible and near - optimal variants of the development of measuring instruments park by means of procurement of new samples of measuring instruments and modernization of outdated samples was developed. The analysis of the economic feasibility of the combination of procurement and modernization for different types of measuring instruments and for different funding levels was provided.