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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izmertech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Измерительная техника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-1025</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5237</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32446/368-1025it.2025-5-25-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izmertech-2390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ В ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEASUREMENTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стохастическое оценивание на основе фильтра Калмана в качестве наблюдателя вектора состояния динамической системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stochastic estimation using the Kalman filter as a state observer for dynamic systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-841X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Викторович Соколов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Sokolov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.v.s.888@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-8068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погорелов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogorelov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Алексеевич Погорелов</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim A. Pogorelov</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadim-pva@narod.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7318-7396</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетникова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Витальевна Решетникова</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Reshetnikova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina_reshetnikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский технический университет связи и информатики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ", 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/2390">https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/2390</self-uri><abstract><p>Практическое применение фильтра Калмана во многих технических приложениях приводит к расходимости процесса оценивания вектора состояния. Существующие методы уменьшения ошибок оценивания вектора состояния и повышения устойчивости алгоритмов фильтрации ориентированы лишь на оценку состояния конкретных динамических систем. Анализ возможности обобщённого использования этих алгоритмов затруднён нелинейной эволюцией апостериорной ковариационной матрицы, непосредственно влияющей на сходимость ошибки оценивания. Для решения задачи повышения точности и устойчивости процесса фильтрации в статье предложен алгоритм стохастического оценивания, в котором вектор оценки на выходе фильтра Калмана используется в качестве стохастического наблюдателя вектора состояния динамической системы. Подобное использование рассмотренного алгоритма приводит к адаптивному изменению интенсивности помехи измерения в новом контуре фильтрации. Данное изменение интенсивности помехи измерения обеспечивает уменьшение частоты и амплитуды колебаний элементов апостериорной ковариационной матрицы и существенно повышает точность текущего оценивания. Приведены результаты численного моделирования стохастического оценивания на основе рассмотренного фильтра Калмана и доказана эффективность предложенного алгоритма на примере оценки навигационных параметров движения беспилотного летательного аппарата. Предложенный алгоритм стохастического оценивания можно использовать для обработки широкого класса задач, например в навигации, сейсмологии, космических исследованиях и др.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The practical application of the Kalman filter in many technical applications leads to the divergence of the evaluation process. The existing methods of reducing estimation error and increasing the stability of the filtering procedure are focused only on assessing the state of specific systems. The analysis of the possibility of their generalized use is hampered by the nonlinear evolution of the a posteriori covariance matrix, which directly affects the convergence of the estimation error. To solve the problem of increasing the accuracy and stability of the filtration process, the article considers a stochastic estimation algorithm using the estimation vector at the output of the Kalman filter as an observer of the state vector of a dynamic system. Such use leads to an adaptive change in the intensity of measurement interference in the new filtering circuit, which reduces the frequency and amplitude of vibrations of the elements of the a posteriori covariance matrix and significantly increases the accuracy of the current estimate. The results of numerical modeling are presented, illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed stochastic filtering method can be applied to a broad class of problems, including measurement processing, navigation, seismology, space research, and other areas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стохастическое оценивание</kwd><kwd>фильтр Калмана</kwd><kwd>наблюдатель вектора состояния</kwd><kwd>апостериорная ковариационная матрица</kwd><kwd>ошибка оценивания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stochastic estimation</kwd><kwd>Kalman filter</kwd><kwd>observer of the state vector</kwd><kwd>a posteriori covariance matrix</kwd><kwd>estimation error</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ito K., Xiong K. Gaussian filters for nonlinear filtering problems. IEEE Transaction on Automatic Control, 45(5), 910–927 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1109/9.855552</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ito K., Xiong K. 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