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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izmertech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Измерительная техника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-1025</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5237</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32446/0368-1025it.2025-1-5-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izmertech-2277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>К 70-ЛЕТИЮ ВНИИФТРИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ON THE 70TH ANNIVERSARY OF VNIIFTRI</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод минимизирующих наборов построения тренда во временны́х рядах зашумлённых данных измерений.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The minimizing sets method for trend detection in time series of noisy measurement data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безменов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezmenov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Витальевич Безменов</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Bezmenov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bezmenov@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физико-технических и радиотехнических измерений<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Metrological Institute of Technical Physics and Radio Engineering<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ", 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/2277">https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/2277</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрена проблема обнаружения трендов во временны́х рядах, генерируемых техническими устройствами. Решение этой проблемы тесно связано с проблемой обнаружения грубых измерений (выбросов), которые оказывают негативное влияние на точность оценок различных физических величин. Такие величины получают при решении многих прикладных задач в различных научных областях (космической геодинамике, геодезии и др.), где исходными данными являются наблюдения. Для построения трендов использован предложенный ранее авторский метод на основе условия максимизации объёма данных, очищенных от выбросов и применяемых в последующей обработке. Необходимые для построения тренда опорные значения определяются в результате абсолютно сходящегося итерационного процесса, ядром которого является метод минимизирующих наборов. На каждом этапе итерационного процесса тренд аппроксимируется функцией из заранее определённого функционального класса. Проанализированы аспекты поиска тренда в классе гармонических функций с неизвестными частотами, фазами и амплитудами. Основная сложность решения данной задачи заключается в нелинейной зависимости гармоник от искомых параметров, что не позволяет свести задачу поиска тренда к решению системы линейных уравнений. Для поиска гармоник, аппроксимирующих данные измерений, использован метод сопряжённых градиентов, который обобщён на нелинейные задачи. Эффективность метода проверена на тестовой задаче построения тренда в данных, полученных с помощью компьютерного моделирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article discusses the problem of trend detection in time series generated by technical devices. The solution   to this problem is closely related to the problem of detecting coarse measurements (outliers), which negatively impact the accuracy of estimates of various physical quantities. These are crucial in many applications in various scientific fields in which the input data are observations, such as space geodynamics, geodesy, and others. Previously, the author proposed   a trend-detecting method based on the condition of maximizing the amount of data cleared of outliers and used in further   processing. The reference values used for trend construction are determined as a result of a completely convergent iterative process, the core of which is the minimizing sets method developed earlier by the author. This paper deals with the aspects of trend construction in the class of harmonic functions with unknown frequencies, phases and amplitudes.The main problem of trend construction in such a functional class is the nonlinear dependence of harmonics on the desired parameters, which does not allow to reduce the problem of trend search to the solution of a system of linear equations. The search for harmonics approximating the measurement data is carried out by the conjugate gradients method generalized to nonlinear problems. The efficiency of the method was tested on the test problem of trend construction in the data obtained by computer simulation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>информационно-измерительные системы</kwd><kwd>временны́е ряды</kwd><kwd>предварительная обработка данных</kwd><kwd>выбросы</kwd><kwd>очистка данных от выбросов</kwd><kwd>оптимальное решение</kwd><kwd>метод минимизирующих наборов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>information and measuring systems</kwd><kwd>time series</kwd><kwd>data preprocessing</kwd><kwd>outliers</kwd><kwd>time series data cleaning</kwd><kwd>optimal solution</kwd><kwd>minimaizing sets method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dach R., Beutler G., Hugentobler U. et al. Time transfer using GPS carrier phase: error propagation and results. 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