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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izmertech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Измерительная техника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-1025</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5237</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32446/0368-1025it.2021-3-45-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izmertech-2005</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIO MEASUREMENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы внешней калибровки радиолокационных поляриметров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>External calibration methods for radar polarimeters</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-4797</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шошин</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoshin</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Леонидович Шошин </p><p>Сургут </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny L. Shoshin</p><p>Surgut</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shoshin6@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сургутский государственный университет Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югра</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Surgut State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ", 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/2005">https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/2005</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены методы внешней калибровки радиолокационных поляриметров. Приведены алгоритмы оценки элементов матрицы Мюллера и устранения искажений, вносимых поляриметром. Описана конструкция радиолокационного отражателя с электрически управляемыми поляризационными свойствами, способного имитировать свойства двух- и трёхгранных отражателей и невзаимных объектов. Проанализирован режим динамического переключения характеристик рассеяния отражателя, используемого при проведении калибровки методом модуляции поляризации рассеянных сигналов. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований лабораторного образца радиолокационного отражателя с управляемыми характеристиками. Полученные результаты могут использоваться в радиолокации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Methods of external calibration of radar polarimeters are considered. Algorithms for evaluating elements of the Mueller matrix and eliminating distortions introduced by the polarimeter are presented. The article describes the design of a radar reflector with electrically controlled polarization properties that can imitate the properties of two and three-sided reflectors and non-reciprocal reflectors. The analysis of the mode of dynamic switching of the scattering characteristics of the reflector used for calibration by the method of polarization modulation of scattered signals is performed. The results of experimental studies of a laboratory sample of a radar reflector with controlled characteristics are presented. The results obtained can be used in radar.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радиолокационный поляриметр</kwd><kwd>отражатель</kwd><kwd>внешняя калибровка</kwd><kwd>вектор Стокса</kwd><kwd>поляризационная модуляция</kwd><kwd>переключающий диод</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radar polarimeter</kwd><kwd>reflector</kwd><kwd>external calibration</kwd><kwd>the Stokes parameters</kwd><kwd>polarization modulation</kwd><kwd>switching diode</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Татаринов В. Н., Татаринов С. В., Лигтхарт Л. П. Введение в современную теорию поляризации радиолокационных сигналов. Том 1. Поляризация плоских электромагнитных волн и её преобразования. Томск: Томский государственный университет, 2006. 380 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tatarinov V. N., Tatarinov S. V., Ligtkhart L. 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