izmertechИзмерительная техникаIzmeritel`naya Tekhnika0368-10252949-5237ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"10.32446/0368-1025it.2021-7-13-21izmertech-1920Research ArticleГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ЭТАЛОНЫSTATE STANDARDSГосударственный первичный эталон единицы температуры в диапазоне 0–3200 °C ГЭТ 34-2020: практическая реализация нового определения кельвинаPrimary state standard of the temperature in the range from 0 to 3200 °С, GET 34-2020: practical implementation of the new defnition of kelvinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2296-0884ПоходунА. И.PokhodunA. I.

Анатолий Иванович Походун

Санкт-Петербург

Anatolii I. Pokhodun

St. Petersburg

 

A.I.Pokhodun@vniim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-6262ФуксовВ. М.FuksovV. M.

Виктор Маркович Фуксов

Санкт-Петербург

 

Viktor M. Fuksov

St. Petersburg

V.M.Fuksov@vniim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-3264СильдЮ. А.SildI. A.

Юрий Альфредович Сильд

Санкт-Петербург

Iurii A. Sild

St. Petersburg

Y.A.Sild@vniim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-4196МазановМ. А.MazanovM. A.

Михаил Андреевич Мазанов

Санкт-Петербург

Mikhail A. Mazanov

St. Petersburg

M.A.Mazanov@vniim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4423-0161МатвеевМ. С.MatveyevM. S.

Михаил Семенович Матвеев

Санкт-Петербург

Mikhail S. Matveyev

St. Petersburg

M.S.Matveyev@vniim.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт метрологии им. Д. И. МенделееваРоссияD. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM)Russian Federation202107082023071321Copyright © ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ", 20232023ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1920

Рассмотрены необходимость и пути модернизации Государственного первичного эталона единицы температуры в диапазоне 0–3000 °С ГЭТ 34-2007. Освещена проблема перехода на новое определение кельвина. Показано, что новое определение кельвина не влияет непосредственно на статус действующих международных температурных шкал МТШ-90 и ВНТШ-2000, однако предоставляет значительные преимущества для измерения термодинамической температуры ниже 20 К и выше примерно 1300 К. В связи с этим основное направление модернизации ГЭТ 34-2007 в диапазоне 273,15–1235 К связано с совершенствованием методов и средств реализации МТШ-90. В рамках работ по модернизации эталона в диапазоне выше 1235 К создан комплекс аппаратуры, позволяющий воспроизводить кельвин в соответствии с его новым определением двумя методами: абсолютной первичной радиометрической термометрии и относительной первичной радиометрической термометрии. Методы рекомендованы Консультативным комитетом по термометрии Международного бюро мер и весов. Изложены основные принципы реализации этих методов, а также состав и метрологические характеристики утверждённого в 2020 г. ГЭТ 34-2020. Приведены результаты ключевых сличений ГЭТ 34-2020 в диапазоне 273,16–692,477 К, а также результаты измерений температуры ряда высокотемпературных реперных точек и их сопоставление с опубликованными результатами аналогичных измерений ведущих национальных метрологических институтов.

The article considers the necessity of ways of modernization the Primary standard of the temperature GET 34-2007. Special attention is paid to the transition to a new defi nition of kelvin. Taking into account that the new defi nition of kelvin does not directly affect the status of the current international temperature scales ITS-90 and PLTS-2000, but there are significant advantages for measuring thermodynamic temperatures below 20 K and above ~1300 K, the main focus of the modernization of the GET 34-2007 in the range from 273.15 K to 1235 K was focused on improving the methods and means of implementing the International Temperature Scale ITS-90. As part of the modernization of the Primary standard in the range above 1235 K, a set of equipment has been created that allows the reproduction of kelvin in accordance with its new definition by two methods recommended by the Consultative Committee: the method of absolute primary radiometric thermometry and the method of relative primary radiometric thermometry. The basic principles of the implementation of these methods, composition and metrological characteristics of the Primary standard are described. The results of key comparisons of the developed standard in the range from 273.16 K to 692.477 K and the results of temperature measurements of a number of high-temperature fi xed points and a comparison of the results with the published results of leading national metrological institutes are presented.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.