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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izmertech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Измерительная техника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-1025</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5237</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32446/0368-1025it.2022-12-40-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izmertech-1676</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПТИКО-ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPTICOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка эффективности применения высокоразрешающих анализаторов оптического спектра для характеризации аналоговых оптических трактов с внешней модуляцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Testing high-resolution optical spectrum analyzers for characterization analog optical links with external modulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-5822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Небавский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nebavskiy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Всеволод Алексеевич Небавский</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vsevolod A. Nebavskiy</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nozaler@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-1565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стариков</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starikov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ростислав Сергеевич Стариков</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Rostislav S. Starikov</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rstarikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Небавский В.А., Стариков Р.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Небавский В.А., Стариков Р.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nebavskiy V.A., Starikov R.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1676">https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1676</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрена характеризация аналоговых оптических трактов и показано, что особый практический интерес представляют изучение, учёт и снижение нелинейностей, вносимых элементами оптического тракта в выходной сигнал при фотодетектировании. Приведены методы анализа нелинейных искажений аналоговых оптических трактов с внешней модуляцией и предложено применять для их характеризации высокоразрешающие анализаторы оптического спектра. В методах анализа используются результаты измерений оптического спектра, по которым характеризуется непосредственно оптический сигнал тракта без учёта влияния вносимых при фотодетектировании нелинейностей. Представлена аналитическая модель процесса модуляции монохроматического светового излучения двухтоновым радиочастотным сигналом с помощью электрооптического модулятора Маха-Цендера. Рассмотрена взаимосвязь нелинейных спектральных составляющих оптического модулированного и радиочастотного сигналов на выходе фотодетектора. Экспериментально исследованы оптический и радиочастотный спектры сигналов АОТ на специально собранном измерительном стенде. Приведены результаты экспериментов по измерению свободного динамического диапазона аналоговых оптических трактов с применением высокоразрешающих радиочастотного и оптического спектроанализаторов. Обсуждены возможные причины деградации свободного динамического диапазона в процессе фотодетектирования. С использованием аналитической модели нелинейностей модулятора Маха-Цендера экспериментально оценён вклад нелинейности фотодетектирования в искажения выходного сигнала оптического тракта и продемонстрированы различия мощности продуктов интермодуляции для сверхвысокочастотных фотодиодов двух типов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The characterization of analog optical links is considered and it is noted that the study, accounting and reduction of nonlinearities introduced by the elements of the optical link into the output signal during photodetection are of particular practical interest. Methods for analyzing nonlinear distortions of analog optical paths with external modulation are presented and it is proposed to use high-resolution optical spectrum analyzers for their characterization. The analysis methods use the results of measurements of the optical spectrum, which directly characterize the optical signal of the link without taking into account the influence of nonlinearities introduced during photodetection. An analytical model of the process of modulation of monochromatic light radiation by a two-tone radio frequency signal using an electro-optical Mach-Zehnder modulator is presented. The relationship between the nonlinear spectral components of the optical modulated and radio frequency signals at the photodetector output is considered. The optical and radio frequency spectra of AOL signals were experimentally studied on a specially assembled measuring stand. The results of experiments on measuring SFDR of analog optical paths using high-resolution radio frequency and optical spectrum analyzers are presented. Possible reasons for the degradation of the SFDR during photodetection are discussed. Using an analytical model of nonlinearities of the Mach-Zehnder modulator, the contribution of the nonlinearity of photodetection to the distortion of the output signal of the optical link is experimentally estimated and the differences in the power of intermodulation products for microwave photodiodes of two types are demonstrated.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроволновая фотоника</kwd><kwd>радиофотоника</kwd><kwd>аналоговый оптический тракт</kwd><kwd>модулятор Маха-Цендера</kwd><kwd>нелинейные искажения</kwd><kwd>свободный динамический диапазон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Microwave photonics</kwd><kwd>analog optical link</kwd><kwd>Mach-Zehnder modulator</kwd><kwd>nonlinear distortions</kwd><kwd>spurious free dynamic range</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (РФФИ), грант № 20-37-90119.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number 20-37-90119.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cox C. 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