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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izmertech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Измерительная техника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-1025</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5237</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32446/0368-1025it.2022-9-3-7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izmertech-1623</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ЭТАЛОНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STATE STANDARDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Государственный первичный специальный эталон единицы теплопроводности твёрдых тел в диапазоне температур от 2 до 300 К ГЭТ 141-2020</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State primary special standard of the unit of thermal conductivity of solids in the temperature range from 2 to 300 K GET 141-2020</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петухов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petukhov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Анатольевич Петухов</p><p>г. п. Менделеево, Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Petukhov</p><p>Mendeleevo, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petukhov@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>Б. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>B. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Борис Геннадьевич Потапов</p><p>г. п. Менделеево, Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Boris G. Potapov</p><p> Mendeleevo, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potapov@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-823X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кытин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kytin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Геннадьевич Кытин</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Vladimir G. Kytin</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkytin@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юров</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurov</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лев Васильевич Юров</p><p>г. п. Менделеево, Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Lev V. Yurov</p><p>Mendeleevo, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lev@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланян</surname><given-names>Э. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanyan</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Георгиевич Асланян</p><p>г. п. Менделеево, Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Edward G. Aslanyan</p><p>Mendeleevo, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aslanyan@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щипунов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchipunov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Николаевич Щипунов</p><p>г. п. Менделеево, Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Shchipunov</p><p>Mendeleevo, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">schipunov@vniiftri.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физико-технических и радиотехнических измерений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Metrological Institute of Technical Physics and Radio Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физико-технических и радиотехнических измерений;&#13;
Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Metrological Institute of Technical Physics and Radio Engineering; M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>7</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ", 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1623">https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1623</self-uri><abstract><p>Показана актуальность прецизионных измерений теплопроводности твёрдых материалов, применяемых при создании теплообменных и теплоизолирующих устройств при низких температурах. Рассмотрена зависимость теплопроводности твёрдых тел при низких температурах от химического состава, способов механической и термической обработки материала. Представлены устройство, принцип работы и результаты метрологических исследований Государственного первичного специального эталона единицы теплопроводности твёрдых тел в диапазоне температур от 2 до 300 К ГЭТ 141-2020. По сравнению с ГЭТ 141-84, действовавшим до 2020 года, в состав ГЭТ 141-2020 включены разработанные криостат и ячейка для измерения теплопроводности. Диапазон воспроизведения единицы теплопроводности твёрдых тел в ГЭТ 141-2020 расширен по сравнению с ГЭТ 141-84 с 0,1–10 Вт/(м·К) до 0,05–15 Вт/(м·К), а также увеличен диапазон изменений температур с 4,2–90 К до 2–300 К. Описан метод измерений теплопроводности с применением разработанного криостата. Представлены способы обеспечения надёжного теплового контакта между исследуемым образцом и теплоизмерительными пластинами нагревателя и корпуса ячейки. Исследованы метрологические характеристики ГЭТ 141-2020, рассчитан бюджет неопределённости измерений при воспроизведении единицы теплопроводности твёрдых тел. ГЭТ 141-2020 применяется для калибровки мер теплопроводности при поверке и калибровке аппаратуры, предназначенной для измерений теплопроводности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Need and relevance of precise thermal conductivity measurements of solid materials used in heat insulating and heat exchange systems is shown originating from significant dependence of heat conductivity of solid on its composition and synthesis method. Construction, operation principle and the results of metrological investigation of the State primary special Standard of the unit of thermal conductivity of solids GET 141-2020 are presented. GET 141-2020 is equipped with new cryostat and cell for thermal conductivity measurements compared to GET 141-84 used till 2020. The range of reproduction of the unit of thermal conductivity of solids has been expanded from 0,1–10 W/(m·K) to 0,05–15 W/(m·K), the temperature range in which measurements are carried out has been increased from 4,2–90 K up to 2–300 K compared to GET 141-84. Method of thermal conductivity measurements is described with application of developed cryostat. An approaches of creation of stable heat contacts between measured sample and heat plates of measurement cell are presented. Metrological characteristics of GET 141-2020 are investigated, a budget of measurement uncertainty is calculated for reproduction of the unit of thermal conductivity of solids. GET 141-2020 is used for calibration of thermal conductivity standards utilized for verification and calibration of thermal conductivity measurement equipment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>теплопроводность твёрдых тел</kwd><kwd>государственный первичный эталон</kwd><kwd>бюджет неопределённости измерений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thermal conductivity of solids</kwd><kwd>national primary standard</kwd><kwd>budget of measurement uncertainty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российская метрологическая энциклопедия. В 2-x т. Т. 1. Под ред. академика РАН В. В. Окрепилова. СПб.: Лики России, 2015. С. 437–439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russian metrological encyclopedia, Ed. by Okrepilov V. V., St. Petersburg, Liki Rossii Publ., 2015, vol. 1, pp. 437–439. 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