<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izmertech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Измерительная техника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0368-1025</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5237</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32446/0368-1025it.2022-1-52-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izmertech-1532</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ методов определения потерь в магнитопроводе трансформатора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the methods for determining losses in the transformer magnetic core</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-6792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Михайлович Плотников</p><p>Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey M. Plotnikov</p><p>Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smplotnikov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный университет науки и технологий имени М. Ф. Решетнёва; Красноярский институт железнодорожного транспорта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology; Krasnoyarsk Institute of Railway Transport</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ", 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ФГУП "ВНИИФТРИ"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.izmt.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1532">https://www.izmt.ru/jour/article/view/1532</self-uri><abstract><p>Для эффективной минимизации магнитных потерь и повышения коэффициента полезного действия машин, в частности трансформаторов, необходимо точно разделить полные потери в магнитопроводах электрических машин на гистерезисную и вихретоковую составляющие. Для решения указанной задачи предложены три варианта ваттметрового метода, основанные на разной зависимости вихретоковых и гистерезисных потерь от частоты перемагничивания, магнитного потока и температуры и названные методами двух частот, двух плотностей и двух температур. Для каждого из трёх методов при разных условиях проведено по два опыта. В опытах холостого хода на двух частотах, при двух плотностях магнитного потока и двух температурах магнитопровода измерены активные мощности, затраченные на нагрев сердечника, и получены выражения мощностей гистерезисных и вихретоковых потерь. Результаты экспериментов, проведённых разными методами, согласованы между собой. Проанализированы достоинства и трудности реализации каждого метода. Показано, что комбинация методов позволила определить показатель степени плотности магнитного потока в выражении мощности гистерезисных потерь (коэффициент Штейнмеца) для конкретного трансформатора.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Exact separation of total losses in the magnetic cores of electrical machines into hysteresis and eddy current is a serious technical problem, the solution of which is urgently needed to effectively minimise magnetic losses and, therefore, to increase the efficiency of machines, in particular transformers. To solve this problem, the author proposes the wattmeter method, which can be used in three variants. Each of the variants has its own characteristics. This uses the results of two no-load experiments carried out under different conditions. The methods are based on the fact that eddy current and hysteresis losses depend differently on magnetisation frequency, magnetic flux and temperature. Based on measurements in the no-load experiments at two frequencies, two magnetic flux densities and two magnetic core temperatures, expressions for hysteresis and eddy current losses are obtained. The experimental results obtained by the different methods are consistent with each other. The advantages and difficulties of each method are analysed. It is shown that the combination of methods makes it possible to determine the degree of density index for the magnetic flux in the hysteresis loss power expression (Steinmetz factor) in a particular transformer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитопровод</kwd><kwd>гистерезис</kwd><kwd>вихревые токи</kwd><kwd>потери в стали</kwd><kwd>опыт холостого хода</kwd><kwd>метод двух частот</kwd><kwd>метод двух температур</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic core</kwd><kwd>hysteresis</kwd><kwd>eddy currents</kwd><kwd>losses in steel</kwd><kwd>no-load experiment</kwd><kwd>two-frequency method</kwd><kwd>two-temperature method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hajipour E., Vakilian M., Ghafouri M., International Transaction of Electrical and Computer Engineers System, 2014, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 34–38. https://doi.org/10.12691/iteces-2-1-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hajipour E., Vakilian M., Ghafouri M., International Transaction of Electrical and Computer Engineers System, 2014, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 34–38. https://doi.org/10.12691/iteces-2-1-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотников С. М. Определение потерь на вихревые токи и на гистерезис в магнитопроводах электрических машин // Измерительная техника. 2020. № 11. С. 54–58. https://doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-11-54-58</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov S. M., Measurement Techniques, 2021, vol. 63, pp. 904–909. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-021-01866-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bertotti G., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1988, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 621–630. https://doi.org/10.1109/20.43994</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bertotti G., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1988, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 621–630. https://doi.org/10.1109/20.43994</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Pillay P., Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 759–766. https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.10426455.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Pillay P., Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 759–766. https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1042645</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Campos M. F., Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2006, vol. 301, pp. 94–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.06.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Campos M. F., Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2006, vol. 301, pp. 94–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.06.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zirka S. E., Moroz Y. I., Marketos P., Moses A. J., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2010, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 286–289. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2009.2032858</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zirka S. E., Moroz Y. I., Marketos P., Moses A. J., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2010, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 286–289. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2009.2032858</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olivares-Galván J. C. et al., 7th Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion (MedPower 2010), 2010, pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2010.0900</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olivares-Galván J. C. et al., 7th Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion (MedPower 2010), 2010, pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2010.0900</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popescu M., Miller T. J. E., McGilp M., Ionel D. M., Dellinger S. J., Heidemann R. J., 2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting, 2007, pp. 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1109/07IAS.2007.14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popescu M., Miller T. J. E., McGilp M., Ionel D. M., Dellinger S. J., Heidemann R. J., 2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting, 2007, pp. 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1109/07IAS.2007.14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Najgebauer M., Models for Prediction of Energy Loss in Soft Magnetic Materials, Conference: XII International PhD Workshop OWD, Wisla, Poland, 23–26 October 2010, pp. 487–482.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Najgebauer M., Models for Prediction of Energy Loss in Soft Magnetic Materials, Conference: XII International PhD Workshop OWD, Wisla, Poland, 23–26 October 2010, pp. 487–482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibrahim M., Pillay P., IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012, рр. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342536</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibrahim M., Pillay P., IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012, рр. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342536</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parthasaradhy P., Ranganayakulu S. V., Hysteresis and eddy current losses of magnetic material by Epstein frame methodnovel approach, The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES), 2014, pp. 85–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parthasaradhy P., Ranganayakulu S. V., Hysteresis and eddy current losses of magnetic material by Epstein frame method-novel approach, The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES), 2014, pp. 85–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. № 2755053 РФ / С. М. Плотников // Изобретения. Полезные модели. 2021. № 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov S. M., RF Patent no. 2755053, Byull. Izobret., no. 26 (2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xue S., Feng J., Guo S., Peng J., Chu W. Q., Zhu Z. Q., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2017.2755593</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xue S., Feng J., Guo S., Peng J., Chu W. Q., Zhu Z. Q., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2017.2755593</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen J., Wang D., Cheng S., Wang Y., Zhu Y., Liu Q., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2015, vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2432081</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen J., Wang D., Cheng S., Wang Y., Zhu Y., Liu Q., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2015, vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2015.2432081</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takahashi N., Morishita M., Miyagi D., Nakano M., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2010, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 548–551. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2009.2033122</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takahashi N., Morishita M., Miyagi D., Nakano M., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2010, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 548–551. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2009.2033122</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марочник сталей и сплавов / Под общей ред. А. С. Зубченко. М.: Машиностроение, 2003. 784 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marochnik staley i splavov [Grade of steels and alloys], ed. A. S. Zubchenko, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 2003, 784 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дружинин В. В. Магнитные свойства электротехнической стали. М.: Энергия, 1974. 238 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Druzhinin V. V., Magnitnyye svoystva elektrotekhnicheskoy stali [Magnetic properties of electrical steel], Moscow, Energiya, 1974, 238 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. № 2743902 РФ / С. М. Плотников // Изобретения. Полезные модели. 2021. № 7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov S. M., RF Patent no. 2743902, Byull. Izobret., no. 7 (2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванов И. И., Равдоник В. С. Электротехника. М.: Высш. школа, 1984. 375 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov I. I., Ravdonik V. S., Elektrotekhnika [Electrical engineering], Moscow, Vysshaya shkola, 1984, 375 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотников С. М. Оценка погрешностей ваттметрового метода определения магнитных потерь в трансформаторах // Измерительная техника. 2021. № 3. С.40–44. https://doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2021-3-40-44</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov S. M., Measurement Techniques, 2021, vol. 64, pp. 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-021-01921-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. № 2764780 РФ / С. М. Плотников // Изобретения. Полезные модели. 2022. № 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov S. M., RF Patent no. 2764780, Byull. Izobret., no. 3 (2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
